LLB Law Of Evidence coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

LLB Law Of Evidence coursework - Essay Example Then again, the respondent can without much of a stretch case that they didn't know about what was inside the bundle, yet that the bundle contained different things, something difficult for the examiner to invalidate. The point of this paper is to prompt Jim who is engaging against his conviction for flexibly heroin dependent on evidential issues emerging from the judge’s summarizing. Conversation Ever since the affecting of Human Rights Act 1998, criminal proof has become the most noteworthy improvement because of different questions under Article 6 which involves the privilege to an only preliminary against the use of a lawful load on the litigant to set up at least one points of interest in the issue2. The way that Jim is looking for an announcement that area 28(3) (b) (I) to be proclaimed in opposition to Human Rights Act 1998 as it encroaches to his right side to an only preliminary under Article 6 of European Convention on Human Rights 1950, he is putting the court with an inquiry on whether it has the locale to think about intrigue and, in the event that it did, regardless of whether segment 28(3) (b) (I) the Act was unsuited with his entitlement to a fair trial3. ... Thusly, so as to build up the resistance under area 28(3) of the Act, Jim needs to demonstrate on the balance of probabilities that he didn't realize that the case contained heroin4. The genuine fear isn't if the litigant ought to discredit proof however that the respondent might be indicted however a sensible uncertainty stays alive. Specifically, the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 doesn't have an away from of ownership, and in area 37(3) it explains that a thing which an individual has in their ownership to incorporate anything subject to their control, and which is in the guardianship of someone else. Accordingly, except if the thing is in that individual control however still under consideration of someone else, it can't be sorted to be in the denounced for this situation Jim possession5. This at that point prompts what the headings the jury was given by the preliminary adjudicator, and it is apparent that however it was fundamental for the arraignment to set up that Jim realized that the container was in his control, it was not basic for the indictment to set up that Jim realized that the thing inside the case was a controlled medication. Thus, at that point there would be the probability of an encroachment as far as assumption of blamelessness. This got apparent in R v Edwards,6 whereby the barrier was distinguished to have so firmly connected with the mens rea standard and good blame that it disparaged from presupposition to reassignment of lawful weight to the respondent. In spite of the fact that subsections (2) with (3) of Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 characterize explicitly of the litigant demonstrating something, at that point this doesn't really imply that so as to determine a safeguard then the respondent should basically offer proof. In this way, the basic proof may emerge, for example, from any shifted

Mall of America Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Shopping center of America - Case Study Example A portion of the models that the Mall of America ought to consider while adding new offices to its complex incorporate the retail blend offered and family center (Kotler and Keller, 2008). Past triumphs as of now demonstrate that the shopping center is an asylum for entire center, so new offices must have the option to add to the characteristics it as of now has. For instance, retail locations ought to be assessed relying upon the sort of administrations that it brings into the complex. For instance, if clothing has just been provided food for, the complex should concentrate on acquiring new characteristics that guarantee that all parts of the shopper are secured. On amusement contributions, since the zone of youngsters is as of now secured, the Mall of America ought to go for sexual orientation division. At long last, inns ought to have the option to offer components like housing, which will be a factor for urging voyagers to visit the area. The Mall of America is as of now a gigant ic accomplishment with the neighborhood individuals, yet to build its essence both for the nearby metropolitan guests and guests from outside, the shopping center ought to use the significance of advertising data. With explicit data from benefactors, the shopping center will have the option to make sense of any new needs that the customers have, which will at that point be utilized to build piece of the overall industry. The shopping center ought to likewise differentiate on item inclusion so as to cover however many socioeconomics as could reasonably be expected, which will likewise help in pulling in new customers and holding old ones from the city and outside.

Big Data Analytics Versus the Gut Check

Big Data Analytics Versus the Gut Check The term big data analytics at first blush appears to be the collection of large volumes of information to be analyzed. And while it is in part, it is more importantly an approach to understanding the relationship between factors affecting business. The gut check on the other hand is a less scientific method, often referred to as intuition or gut feeling it is a subconscious instinct tied to personal feelings of ethics and beliefs. © Shutterstock.com | Rawpixel.comIn this article we will look at 1) big data analytics in really simple terms, 2) what is gut check, 3) big data analytics systems, 4) 6 main limitations of big data, 5) gut check limitations in marketing, 6) analytics win over gut check in surveys, and 7) the future of marketing: a marriage between big analytics and the gut check.BIG DATA ANALYTICS IN REALLY SIMPLE TERMSBig data is the collection of large amounts of structured data which is information in a fixed field like a spreadsheet and unstructured data, which is, according to webopedia.com,“information that doesnt reside in a traditional row-column database,” like word documents, emails and texts. The three aspects of big data or the three V’s that are used to characterize different aspects of the collected and stored information and used to help in the analysis.VarietyData is disorganized, as the sources tend to be diverse and plenty. Different browsers send different data and with huma n input, there is always error and inconsistencies needing to be arranged.Volume Being able to process large amounts of data is what makes data analytics such an important tool of business. All companies collect data, yet stored data is of little use if not processed and analyzed. This is where data warehousing and processing databases come into play. Software such as Apache Hadoop, gives access to data analysis to all types of companies because of its unlimited capabilities.VelocityData flow is constantly increasing and it is to the companies’ benefit to gather and use the steady and fast moving flow of information to their advantage. With technology being the way it is now, companies can stream data into warehouses and process in larger batches when ready, thus taking the process quickly from input to making critical decisions.WHAT IS GUT CHECK?The idea of gut check refers to a subconscious instinct developed by our social interaction and cultural influences. This unconscious de cision-making process is quick and quite hard-wired and has been vital to our survival as humans. Since gut check includes a heightened perception of cues from our environment and it is important to also possess an inherent ability to interpret those cues to our benefit. According to an article on this topic, “In our dealings with other people instincts are important. Our social skills have been wired into our subconscious. However when it comes to our interface with technology, then instinct must be learnt and grounded in experience to be of greatest value.”BIG DATA ANALYTICS SYSTEMSPredictive analyticsThis branch of data mining is focused on the future in terms of probabilities and trends. The predictor, central nerve of this model, is a variable, which is usually measured on a number of different levels. Multiple variables are combined into models to somewhat accurately predict future possibilities and behaviors. Once the predictive models are made, they are further validated and at times revised to incorporate new information. Softwareadvice.com has a comparative list of the top ten predictive analytics software and reviews for each.Data Mining Data mining is focused on identifying relationships and patterns that have not previously been recognized. The steps involved in this process include association, sequencing, classifying, clustering and forecasting. This method is used in many areas of research including marketing to pin point behavior patterns of consumers.Data visualization softwareData visualization software is a technology used to classify data in a format that allows users to be able to better understand it and put it to use in their business. Unrecognized relationships and trends are easier to spot with this software and methods of visualization include anything from the basic spreadsheets to infographics and heat maps. These days data visualization technology is usually embedded into business intelligence software to enable users to inter act, change or analyze information with more ease and clarity.Statistical analysisStatistical analysis is the collection and careful observation of all data samples to identify trends and find patterns. The process is broken down into 5 steps:Describe the nature of the data to be analyzed.Explore how the data relates to the demographicCreate a model (grouping documentation) that summarizes the relationship between the data and the population.Validate the modelRun predictive analysis to help guide future decisions and actions.Text analyticsAlso known as text mining, this method of analytics is focused on recovering information from unstructured data, turning them into numerical values and linking them with structured data. This helps firms to gather valuable business information that gives insight into customer sentiment, emotion and relevance, nuances often missed by statistical machines techniques. Text analytics technology is still relatively new and developing, so results of anal ysis tend to vary depending on the vendor.6 MAIN LIMITATIONS OF BIG DATA1. Big Data measurements could be considered InvasiveWhile Taylorism was focused on gathering data through scientific processes to ensure economic efficiency and labour productive workforces, today’s research goes deeper and into more personal areas. Data mining focuses on finding every bit of information that has to do with customer satisfaction, behavior, thought processes and day-to-day behavior. Though this customer focus makes for better products and interaction between companies and their target market, the constant invasion into people’s personal space and motivations can be construed as a “ Big Brother” type of movement.2. Big data lacks social factors that make us innately humanDatafying is a term used to explain how information is put into a format so it can be analyzed and categorized. An example shared by  a new republic.com article, is of the way “Twitter enabled the datafication of senti ment by creating an easy way for people to record and share their stray thoughts, which had previously been lost to the winds of time.”  So in essence big data does not have the capacity to truly capture human social graces and true human emotion, it simply allows thoughts to be shared.3. Creates smaller worldTechnology allows for connection to other people’s emotions, opinions and thoughts that are not necessarily the same as ours. With big data analytics and other categorizing data technology, we are being lumped into groups based on our online preferences and behaviors. With this sort of categorization we are constantly inundated with images and advertising tailored to our tastes, which keeps us stuck in our “own little worlds,” so to speak. The new republican article reports that it is called the  â€œfilter bubble,” a general avoidance or falling of the public sphere to allow for focus on individualized news feeds and interests.4. More informed not wiserWith the real time flow and update of data, we are being fed more and more information. This keeps us more educated on many different topics, but not necessarily wiser about much of the same topics. To develop wisdom takes time and patience, not the drive through knowledge update system that big data and other information flow systems promote. Smart organizations move with constant feedback and data, but wise organizations take time to notice long standing patterns and use them to benefit themselves and  their customers.5. Eliminates ambiguity therefore creating a sense of being too obviousAs in life mystery and the unknown can add an element of challenge and growth to a company. By treading the murky waters of the ambiguous, businesses develop innovative skills and learn how to handle unpredictable circumstances. With big data analysis, businesses can forecast and track patterns and trends, but it all becomes one expected plan or trend after another, with very little room for the things yet to be discovered or experienced.6. Does not come up with new ideasBig data analytics does help with solving problems and coming up with solutions. But in terms of creativity it is sorely lacking. Only human ingenuity can truly create and innovate and bring new ideas to the market. So while big data does give us many advantages, it does not provide genius new ideas for the company or the marketer to bring to the consumers. GUT CHECK LIMITATIONS IN MARKETINGSteve Jobs once said, “you have to trust your gut, your destiny” And just like big data is scientific, gut feeling is human and intuitive. However, it does come with its own set of limitations that should be considered as well.Lack of Impulse ControlWorking from your gut with little or no scientific and precise data and little impulse control could be a disaster. While intuition is great, reality based testing is needed to ensure the decisions a company or its marketers make are sound and good for business.Non-scientific Methodol ogyWhen making crucial business decisions, the majority of leaders of industry describe their decision making approach as empirical or data based. Using intuition or the gut check then without scientific backing is unorthodox but not unheard of. Economic Intelligence Unit carried out a survey of 175 organizations which found that most executives question information that contradicts their intuition, even though they understand the danger of trusting their gut.Bounded RationalityBounded rationality defines the limits in our understanding. As humans we are unable to rationalize things we do not comprehend and as such, we are bounded by what we can rationalize. This is when our gut instincts kick in and if we are not thorough and using some scientific data to back the feeling, we could fall into the trap of relying too heavily on our gut and not trying to learn and seek deeper understanding. This is especially useful when doing market research and learning about behaviors of consumers that do not match the realms of our own rationality.Cognitive DissonanceWhen there is a conflicting belief in our minds, we adjust to encourage harmony. The foreseeable problem with this psychological need for cognitive consistency is we may distort the facts to match our instincts if we are not basing our decisions on data and science. This can be detrimental to a business and any proposed marketing campaign.ANALYTICS WIN OVER GUT CHECK IN SURVEYSDespite personal beliefs and gut instincts it always makes for better business decision making to find information, interpret and use it correctly. In 2012 a number of surveys of thousands of companies were conducted to find out what gave certain businesses the competitive edge. It turns out the use of data analytics was the main tool to gain this advantage.Analytics Define business success over instinctsCompanies around the world that are making billions of dollars are using data analytic insights to develop operations, products and servi ces.  And based on surveys it appears these companies are twice as likely to experience top financial performance, cutting edge decision making and come to those decisions faster.Helps with the improvement of information and therefore better performanceThere is  a direct link between increased performance and the use of data analytic strategies. These top performers were not only getting the right data, they were also managing the amounts and understanding how to apply the information to the improvement of their business.The use of big data analytics in market research improves product launch and innovationFinally and just as prominent for businesses is the use of data analytics to increase product success rate. The research claims, that companies that use an idea to launch process along with advanced market research, experience three times the success their competitors have when launching new products and innovative ideas.FUTURE OF MARKETING: A MARRIAGE BETWEEN BIG DATA ANALYTICS AND THE GUT CHECKSo far we have seen that data analytics work to give business the competitive advantage, but have some limitations that need to be filled in by human intuition. When combined to balance each other, the best results will be measurable and obvious in the company’s performance and product launch success rate, among other things.Companies need to do the research, gather and analyze the data so they are prepared to fully follow and prove or disprove a gut feeling. And keeping the gut check in check with scientific analysis of the tremendous amounts of data available to each business is the ideal balance for success.Human Input helps Data AnalysisSimply put, machines are great at reducing errors and creating figures, but when it comes to getting the right kind of information, businesses and especially marketers will have to rely on human input to help them determine what customers need, what data should be used and what should be dismissed.Leveraging big data depends on use of Information from all relevant sourcesTop performing companies that manage the information streaming in to their data warehouses use all the available sources to get the best vantage point. Analytic specialists can provide vital information about the numbers but production workers can also provide information that would not be otherwise accessible by company executives. A wise marketing team will recruit information from every possible source and use it all to ensure the company is performing at the highest level.Balance the limits of Big data and instincts Without human assistance machines would be useless, and inversely without the scientific methodology behind big data analytics people would have to rely on their feelings whether wrong or right. By leveraging the two, companies could out perform the competition that depended solely on one or the other and double or triple their profit over time. The ideal market research and information management plan should be to blend b ig data analytics with the gut check and allow hypotheses to be proven or disproven, while allowing intuition to be the innovative force it can be.

The Urban Legend About Drugs Smuggled in a Dead Baby

This urban legend is also known as The Stuffed Baby story. It has appeared in books and online websites many times. Generally, the text of the story reads something like the following: A woman and her 4-year-old son are visiting a border town on the Mexican side of the Texas/Mexico border. As they are walking towards the border crossing to return to the U.S., a man runs up to her and takes her child. She immediately runs to the authorities and a search ensues. The lady and the authorities begin walking among the cars, looking for her son. The woman spots her child in a truck a couple of rows over. Her son is laying his head on the shoulder of a man and appears to be sleeping. As the authorities close in on the vehicle, the driver jumps out of line and makes a run for it. As they are driving off, the passenger opens his door and dumps the child out into the street. As the woman and the authorities reach the child they find, to their horror, that the child has not only been murdered but has been cut open and illegal drugs have been put inside his body. It appears that the persons in the vehicle were drug smugglers and had decided to kidnap a child, kill them and place the drugs in the body. They would then hold the child as they approached the border and the border agents would think that the child was quietly sleeping on the shoulder of the passenger. Another Version Another version of the story circulated the internet in the late 90s. The text of the email/forum post is similar to this story: My sisters co-worker has a sister in Texas, who with her husband was planning a weekend trip across the Mexican border for a shopping spree. At the last minute, their baby sitter canceled, so they had to bring along their two-year-old son with them. They had been across the border for about an hour when the baby got free and ran around the corner. The mother went chasing, but the boy had disappeared. The mother found a police officer who told her to go to the gate and wait. Not really understanding the instructions, she did as she was instructed. About 45 minutes later, a man approached the border carrying the boy. The mother ran to him, grateful that he had been found. When the man realized it was the boys mother, he dropped the boy and ran himself. The police were waiting for him and got him. The boy was dead. In the 45 minutes he was missing, he was cut open, ALL of his insides removed, and his body cavity was stuffed with COCAINE. The man was going to carry him across the border as if he were asleep. A two-year-old boy, dead, discarded as if he were a piece of trash for somebodys cocaine. If this story can get out and change one persons mind about what drugs mean to them, we are helping. Please send this e-mail to as many people as you can. If you have a home PC send it out there, too. Lets hope and pray it changes a lot of minds. The saddest thing about the whole situation is that those persons who suffer are innocent and people we love. God bless you in this united effort to spread the word. You just might save a life! Its always a treat to see a well-worn urban legend retooled for circulation on the Internet. Such is the case with a familiar horror story dating from the early 1970s claiming that drug smugglers have been known to use the corpses of abducted, murdered children to transport their illegal goods across national borders. The story continues to circulate to this day. In all the decades this grisly legend has been in circulation, no real instances matching the descriptions above have been confirmed or documented. The legend (or the bare bones of it, anyway) got its first mainstream media airing in 1985 when the Washington Post recounted it as factual in a feature about crime problems in Miami. As folklorist Jan Harold Brunvand noted in his mid-80s collection of urban legends The Mexican Pet, the Post quickly found out that the story was untrue and retracted it a week later. The published correction read, in part: In the opening paragraph of an article last Monday on crime in Miami, the Washington Post recounted a story that cannot be substantiated. The story, told to a Post reporter several years ago by a Miami undercover agent, involves the smuggling of cocaine into the United States in the body of a dead baby. Clifton Stallings, a spokesman for the U.S. Customs Service in Miami, said the story has been in circulation for some time. No one at Customs in Miami can verify it. One customs official told the Post he had heard the story as long ago as 1973. As it was told in those days, he said, a suspiciously immobile child was spotted by an attendant on a flight from Colombia to Miami. Customs agents investigated and found that the baby, apparently deceased for some time, had been cut open, stuffed with cocaine, and sewn shut. It was considered a prime example of just how ruthless of international drug traffickers can be. As told on the internet, it has become a much more compelling story. Set just across the U.S.-Mexico border and recounted in true friend of a friend fashion (my sisters co-worker has a sister in Texas, a frequently shared variant begins), the cautionary tale now carries a dual moral message: Drugs are evil, and never let your children out of your sight. Represented as a parents true nightmare, the online version concluded with a prayer that the story would convince people to stop using drugs. The more likely result is that has reinforced many peoples already well-entrenched fears. Sources Brunvand, Jan Harold. Be Afraid, Be Very Afraid: The Book of Scary Urban Legends. Kindle Edition, W.W. Norton Company, March 17, 2014. Brunvan, Jan Harold. The Mexican Pet: More New Urban Legends and Some Old Favorites. Kindle Edition, Reprint edition, W. W. Norton Company, December 20, 2012. Buchanan, Edna. The Corpse Had a Familiar Face. Paperback, Reprint edition, Gallery Books, July 14, 2009. Childs body used for smuggling drugs into the U.S.-Fiction! Truth or Fiction, March 17, 2015. Sadistic_Killer. The Stuffed Baby. Wattpad.

Sociological Perspective Jeffrey Dahmer - 1252 Words

Murder, willingly taking another humans life, is considered a heinous crime in the United States, and from the sociological perspective, breaks an important more. Serial Murder, therefore, is a sociologically deviant phenomenon where a person kills two or more people in distinct events, and an FBI overview of serial killers states â€Å"No single cause, trait, or even a group of traits can differentiate or identify serial killers †¦ from other types of violent offenders† (FBI). We can, however, use sociological perspectives to identify potential factors in these cases. As a boy, Jeffrey Dahmer was described as being a loner and a poor student- and had been sexually abused by a neighbor. He is homosexual, and all of his victims were males- which†¦show more content†¦This isn’t to say that Dahmer wasn’t responsible for his crimes- a jury of his peers determined he wasn’t legally insane at the time of the murders, but society made Dahmer. Next, this paper will use the strain theory to analyze Dahmer and his crimes. Strain Theory Strain Theory, a functionalist theory, argues that deviance, even criminal deviance, is a result of society and its cultural goals. Those who feel strain in regard to cultural ideals, whether they lack the opportunity or reject them altogether, fall into deviance. This paper will focus on retreatism, as this is the path Dahmer took: rejecting cultural goals and the means to achieve them, retreating from society, often into alcohol or drugs. It’s a valid assumption to believe that this retreat from society led him along the path to murder. As a child Dahmer faced numerous obstacles to success: he was a poor student who struggled socially and turned to alcohol as early as high school. All of these factors culminated in a young man who had given up on many cultural goals of the time- he wasn’t attracted to women, so having a family of his own was out; he had no real ambition to contribute to the work force, was unable to get â€Å"desirable† jobs due to his lack of education and dishonorable discharge, and his family supported him financially most of the time. For a time, he was in the military, but discharge due to hisShow MoreRelatedWhat Makes An Individual A Murderer?1112 Words   |  5 Pagestake not only one life, but multiple. Many sociologists and criminologists devoted their professional lives to find answers to this question: what makes an individual a murderer? Here this paper would discuss about Jeffery Dahmer’s case. Jaeffery Dahmer was a serial killer who also ate the victim’s bo dy, he was arrested and he was sentenced to 15 consecutive life terms, later on he was attacked and killed in a Wisconsin prison. as results of the hard work we came to an idea that all criminals fitRead MoreSerial Killers, Are They Born or Made?3551 Words   |  15 Pagesshow signs of abnormal behavior, such as arson, and cruelty to animals. Looking into the lives of Jeffrey Dahmer, and Ted Bundy, who were both some of the world’s most notorious serial killers, will give a better insight to how they came to be serial killers; was it always in their blood, or was it something that occurred within their childhood that provoked their behavior? Jeffrey Dahmer Jeffery Dahmer dreamed that he would one day have a zombie sex slave, who would obey his every wish, and commandRead MoreSpeech On Animal Abuse1550 Words   |  7 PagesOutline How Animal Cruelty Affects Children. Introduction Attention Getter: The most notorious and infamous serial killers in our society -- Ted Bundy, Richard Ramirez, Jeffrey Dahmer -- commonly engaged in animal abuse during childhood. Needed Information Who? Kids/children - killers What? How animal abuse affects children/kids. When? 1946 - now Where? United states Why? Because people don’t just kill/hurt people out the blue and what are the signs of a killer. How? Killers and murders start outRead MoreSpeech On Animal Abuse1577 Words   |  7 PagesOutline Introduction Attention Getter: The most notorious and infamous serial killers in our society -- Ted Bundy, Richard Ramirez, Jeffrey Dahmer -- commonly engaged in animal abuse during childhood. Needed Information Who? Kids/children - killers What? How animal abuse affects children/kids. When? 1946 - now Where? United states Why? Because people don’t just kill/hurt people out the blue and what are the signs of a killer. How? Killers and murders start out when they are young. Thesis Statement:Read MoreThe Case Of Jeffrey Dahmer Essay1377 Words   |  6 Pagesskin, blood, and bone into a fifty-gallon vat of acid dissolving what was left of the young man†(Center Crisis Management). Jeffrey Dahmer one of the most notorious serial killer did not murder for financial gain, rage, or vengeance, he murdered to feed a desire. Could Dahmer’s DNA be the reason for his impulses to kill? Many theories criticize the biological perspective, but the studies of those who commit murder suggest the biological theory could be accurate. I. Introduction First, psychologicalRead MoreInside the Mind of a Serial Killer Essays1049 Words   |  5 Pagessee these perpetrators participate in lunacy or just plain insanity, however, many are not insane nor do they suffer from mental illness (Knight, 2006). Still the axiology of serial murders are still considered ambiguous to whether the source is sociological, biological and psychological philosophies in which psychologist and criminal profilers keep researching. Knight states, â€Å"That serial murders have been chronicled throughout history since the 1400’s.† Then by the 1960’s there was an increasedRead MoreVideo Games and Violence: Both Sides of the Argument3566 Words   |  15 Pagescan chew. If you are going to argue to certainty, you need more than wild accusations and exaggeration to prove your point. The writer should have found data to back his argument up, and cited it. A few graphs of violence trends or references to sociological studies proving his/her point would have gone a long way. As it stands, this argument has too much conviction, and too little credibility. Article 2: Report In the article, Violent Video Games, Rachel Ray (2003) begins by referring to the youth

Why Is Strategy Important to Business Free Essays

Strategy is determining where you are now, where you want to go, and how to get there. It’s the art of developing and implementing specific actions and decisions that will help a business to achieve goals and objectives as set out by the owners. Through the strategy process the overall direction of the company is set including opportunities and threats in the outside world and the internal strengths and weaknesses of the business. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Is Strategy Important to Business? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The aim of a business strategy is to ensure that the threats posed by the external environment are minimized and also to strengthen or minimize the effects of internal weaknesses. The opportunities and strengths are combined to ensure maximum productivity is achieved. The more the external environment changes the more opportunities there are likely for a company, but the more threats can be a problem if not prepared for. Without a business strategy, it would be difficult for an owner to realize the opportunities available. Strategic management in contrast with business policy is a technical approach having a five step model. Strategic management is a set of managerial decisions and actions that determine the long run performance of a company. Strategic management does not have to be just a part of the top level management. In fact, organizations should focus on strategic management at all levels of the management and the entire hierarchy of the company should be involved both in planning and implementation phases. Strategic management does not have to be just a part of the top level management. Organizations should focus on strategic management such that all levels of the management and the entire hierarchy of the company should be involved in both planning and implementation phases. The basic theory of strategic management involves the action of creating and implementing plans and decisions for the benefit of the organization and to help it achieve its objectives. Strategic management analyzes and scan the environment therefore future problems and opportunities could be well anticipated, allows a firm’s top management to anticipate changes and provide track and control for the enterprise, provides clear cut mission, also gives vision and objectives of enterprise to all the employees, and allows a firm to take decisions on the basis of long range forecast. Your vision must be future-oriented it has to paint a picture that attracts employees through the use of visual imagery. This is what gets people hooked into buy-ins, followership, and implementation of the plan. So it means you just have to think outside the box of today and describe the world of the future. With the current situation of the economy the fact that some business establishments have stopped their operation and closed has caused big drop in small and large corporations. Having back up plan would be the idea should the original plan does not succeed businessmen could have alternative options or backed up plans for the continuity and success of the business. Since businessmen are knowledgeable of the business processes, they know the importance of having back up plans. Without a contingency plan, and should the original plan fail, businessmen and the business could experience a lot of trouble. The Mission statement is important because it describes the reason for the existence of an organization and what it hopes to achieve. While mission statements vary from organization to organization and represent the distinctness of each one, they all share similar components. Before writing a mission statement, leaders in the organization must have an idea of what is in store for the future. This vision is the foundation for the mission statement. Most statements include descriptions of the organization’s target market, the geographic domain, their concern for survival, growth and profitability, the company philosophy, and the organization’s desired public image. In addition, it is a tool that conveys the goal, organizational structure and strategy, legitimacy, values, participation and ownership among employees, leadership, responsibility to the community, ethical priorities, and commitment to the public and stakeholders. The organizational decision making process involves proper and efficient implementation of strategic plans and methods to achieve desired business objective. Often one difficulty facing an organization is that multiple divisions are involved in the overall decision making process. Making a decision can have different implications for each respective division. With the businesses of today facing shortened product lifecycles, organizations are facing intense competitive pressures to build market share to stay ahead of rivals. Process changes, the introduction of new and improved disruptive technologies are forcing companies to adapt new business goals and objectives in shortened timeframes, this alone places stresses on all organization. References Karger (1991). Strategic Management: The Key to Corporate Success Pearce II, J.A., Robinson, Jr., R.B. (2008). Strategic management. (11th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Mission and Vision Statements http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Mar-No/Mission-and-Vision-Statements.html#ixzz1LGZLzvbI How to cite Why Is Strategy Important to Business?, Papers

Cover Up JFK Essay Example For Students

Cover Up JFK Essay Grapes of WrathAuthor: John Steinbeck, Robert Demott (Introduction). Penguin USA; New York. Reissued Edition (Oct. 1992). 619 Pages. Reviewed By: Kevin Kearney, 2001 April 22. Reviewed For: Professor George Browne. Kearney 1The Grapes of Wrath is a novel by John Steinbeck that exposes the desperate conditions under which the migratory farming families of America during the 1930s lived, through a personal approach and heavy symbolism. The novel tells of one familys migration west to California through the great economic depression of the 1930s. The bank took possession of their land because the owners could not pay off their loan. The novel shows how the Joad family deals with moving to California, and how they survive the cruelty of the landowners that took advantage of them, their poverty, and willingness to work. The Grapes of Wrath combines Steinbecks adoration of the land, his passionate hatred for corruption; resulting from materialism (money), and his abiding faith in the common people to overcome the hostile environment. As it opens with a retaining picture of nature on rampage, the novel shows the men and women that are unbroken by nature. The theme is that of a man verses a hostile env ironment. His body may be destroyed, but his spirit is not broken. The method used to develop the theme of the novel is through the use of symbolism. There are several uses of symbols in the novel from the turtle at the beginning to the rain at the end. As each symbol is presented, examples of the good and the bad things that exist within the novel are shown. The opening chapter paints a vivid picture of the situation facing the drought-stricken farmers of Oklahoma. Dust is described as covering everything, smothering the life out of anything that wants to grow. The dust is symbolic of the erosion of the lives of the people. The dust is synonymous with deadness, as Steinbeck puts it.. The land is a ruined way of life (farming), people Kearney 2uprooted and forced to leave. Secondly, the dust stands for profiteering banks in the background that squeeze the life out the land as the people are actually forced from their land. The soil, or the people (farmers), have been drained of life and are exploited: The last rain fell on the red and gray country of Oklahoma in early May. The weeds became dark green to protect themselves from the suns unyielding rays. The wind grew stronger, uprooting the weakened corn, and the air became so filled with dust that the stars were not visible at night. The book continues with a turtle, which appears and reappears several times early on in the novel and which can be seen as standing for survival, a driving life force in all of mankind that cannot be conquered by nature or man. The turtle represents a hope that the trip to the west is survivable and accomplishable by the Joad family. The turtle further represents the migrants struggles against both nature and man by overcoming all obstacles he encounters: the red ant in his path, being captured in Tom Joads jacket, and lastly, as a light truck approached nearer and nearer, the driver saw the turtle and swerved to hit it. The driver of the truck works for a large company, who try to stop the migrants from going west. As the driver attempts to hit the turtle, it is yet another example of the large and powerful trying to extinguish or kill the small and weak. Steadily the turtle advances on, ironically to the southwest, the direction of the migration of people. The turtle is described a s being lasting, ancient, old and wise: horny head, yellowed toenails, indestructible high dome of a shell, humorous old eyes. The driver of the truck, red ant, and Tom Joads jacket are all symbolic of nature and man trying to stop the turtle from continuing his journey westward to the promise land. The turtle helps to develop the theme by showing its struggle against life, comparing it to the Joad struggle against man. The grapes seem to symbolize both copiousness and bitterness. Grandpa, the oldest member of the Joad family, talks of the grapes as symbols of plenty; all his descriptions of what he is going to do with the grapes in California suggest contentment, freedom, the goal for which the Joad family strive for. The grapes that are talked about by Grandpa help to elaborate the theme by showing that no matter how nice everything seems in California, the truth is that their beauty is only skin deep, in their souls they are rotten. The willow tree that is located on the Joads fa rm represents the Joad family. The willow is described as being unmovable and never bending to the wind or dust. The Joad family does not want to move, they prefer to stay on the land they grew up on, much the same as the willow does. The willow contributes to the theme by showing the unwillingness of the people to be removed from their land by the banks. The latter represents the force making them leave their homes. Both of these symbols help contribute to the theme by showing a struggle between each other. The rains that come at the conclusion of the novel symbolize several things. Rain in that it is excessive, in a certain way fulfills a cycle of the dust which is also excessive. In a way nature has restored a balance and has initiated a new growth cycle. This ties in with other examples of the rebirth idea in the ending, much in the way the Joad family will grow again. The rain contributes to the theme by showing the cycle of nature that gives a conclusion to the novel by showin g that life is a pattern of birth and death. The rain is another example of nature against man, the rain comes and floods the living quarters of the Joads. In opposite ways rain can be helpful to give life to plants that need Kearney 4it to live. Depending on which extreme the rain is in, it can be harmful or helpful. This is true for man, man can become either extremes bad or good depending on his personal choices. Steinbeck wrote this book for one reason; to make the plight and difficulties of themigrant workers known to all of America. He accomplished this by telling the story fromthe viewpoint of a particular family, rather then the migrant workers as a whole. Steinbeck showed what these people went through from their eviction from their home,to their eventually self-destruction and failure as a family. Once the appropriate focuson the Joads had been reached, it was then possible for Steinbeck to tie it all together by bringing the entire situation into view. This was possible t hrough the demonstrationof the workers establishing a common ground with each other. Once the strength ofthe inner family had been established, a family of families could be constructed. It showed just what the life of a migrant worker was all about, the establishing of a common ground within one another. The migrant workers were a group of people who were looking out for each other and willing to work together, as survival during these periods proved tough and could not be accomplished without teamwork. This is simply why the migrant workers found ways to successfully govern themselves throughout their tent cities which is why they looked to establish a common ground. Times were tough, and that constant harassment of police organizations only worsened the situation. It was clearly evident that the Joads like any of the migrant workers, were looking out for one other, and would do anything if one was Kearney 5in need, and nothing exemplifies this ideal more then the closing scene of the novel. Rose, surrounded by a family overshadowed by personal loss, lack of income and food, and in a period of emotionally and mental death, gives life to a dying stranger regardless of who he was, or where he came from. This is what true life to the migrant workers was all about, and this is what they had demonstrated time and time again. .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567 , .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567 .postImageUrl , .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567 , .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567:hover , .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567:visited , .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567:active { border:0!important; } .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567:active , .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567 .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5fc0566f433dd3fbd4677cc066b82567:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Fall 2000 Mid-Term EssayAs each symbol is presented chronologically through the novel, they come together at the end to paint a clear picture of the conditions, treatment and feelings the Joads as they make there journey through the novel to the West. I would definitely recommend this book to anyone interested in the history of our country or of the Great Depression. It was quite a lengthy novel, but you could feel the story because Steinbeck was writing about his own time period, not his ancestors nor his children, but something he actually had lived through. The book stirs emotion from deep within. The powerfully thick description allowed me to picture the book in my min ds eye. Overall it was a novel,worthy of the Pulitzer Prize it won. Words/ Pages : 1,483 / 24